OIZ, R&D and Incentive Glossary
OIZ and Industrial Terminology Glossary
Concise definitions of 70+ key concepts across Organized Industrial Zones (OIZ), R&D and Design ecosystems, Technology Development Zones (TDZ) and business continuity management.
Organized Industrial Zones (OIZ) Definitions
- Organized Industrial Zone (OIZ)
- Zones for the production of goods and services created to enable industry to develop in suitable areas, prevent unplanned industrialisation and environmental problems, guide urbanisation, use resources rationally and site industry types within a defined plan.
- Specialised OIZ
- An OIZ hosting facilities operating in the same sector group and its sub-sectors.
- Mixed OIZ
- An OIZ hosting facilities operating in different sectors.
- Private OIZ
- An OIZ established by private-law legal entities.
- Green OIZ
- OIZs distinguished by resource and energy efficiency, lean production, industrial waste collaboration and environmentally sensitive practices, certified by the Turkish Standards Institution.
- Rehabilitation OIZ
- An OIZ formed by rehabilitating areas of industrial facilities built before 1/7/2017 under the applicable plan.
- Founding (Entrepreneur) Committee
- The OIZ’s highest decision-making body, composed of fifteen principal and fifteen substitute members designated by the institutions participating in the OIZ’s establishment.
- Board of Directors
- The body responsible for the management and administration of the OIZ within the framework of the law, regulation, founding protocol and the entrepreneur committee’s decisions.
- Supervisory Board
- The body responsible for auditing the expenditure and implementation of the budget and reporting to the entrepreneur committee or general assembly.
- Regional Directorate
- The unit, composed of the regional manager and sufficient administrative and technical staff, that runs the management and administration of the OIZ in line with the board’s decisions.
- OSBÜK
- The OIZ Umbrella Organization; a private-law legal entity established to ensure solidarity and unity of practice among OIZs.
- Participant
- Real or legal persons to whom a parcel is allocated or sold in OIZs and who produce or undertake to produce, as well as financial lessees.
- Tenant (Lessee)
- A real or legal person who leases a participant’s facility in accordance with the procedures and principles set in the regulation.
- Financial Lessee
- A real or legal person who accepts financial leasing under Law No. 6361.
- Common Use Areas
- Social, administrative, technical infrastructure and service areas and park areas under OIZ ownership and disposal (excluding roads, etc.).
- Service and Support Areas
- Areas where activities are carried out as participant or tenant in small manufacturing, repair, trade, education and health sectors.
- Approved Boundary
- OIZ areas outside the areas approved as a result of site selection, containing facilities and connection lines for technical infrastructure.
- OIZ Area
- The whole of the approved areas and the areas defined within the approved boundary.
- Pre-Allocation
- The land allocation carried out with the Ministry’s permission from the moment the OIZ acquires legal personality until the parcelling plan is approved.
- Entrance Structure
- A structure — determined by industrial parcel size — housing security, waiting room and similar spaces.
R&D, Design and Innovation Ecosystem Definitions
- R&D (Research and Development)
- Creative work carried out on a systematic basis to increase the stock of knowledge and to use it to design new processes, systems and applications.
- Innovation
- New product, service, application, method or business-model processes that meet social and economic needs and can be offered to existing or new markets.
- Innovation in Product / Production Methods
- A product showing technological differences from its predecessor, and the method of producing — with new techniques — products that cannot be made in conventional facilities.
- R&D Centre
- Separate units carrying out exclusively research and development activities domestically and employing at least 50 (or the prescribed number of) full-time-equivalent R&D personnel.
- Design Centre
- Units carrying out design activities domestically and employing at least 10 (or the prescribed number of) full-time-equivalent design personnel.
- R&D Project
- Scientific projects with defined objectives, budget and sharing principles for the resulting intellectual property, carried out by a researcher.
- Design Project
- Projects similarly defined in budget, scope and rights, carried out by a designer.
- Design Activity
- Innovative activities aimed at improving product functionality with the potential to create added value/competitive advantage in industry and approved fields.
- Pre-Competitive Collaboration Projects
- Collaboration projects of a technological nature jointly conducted by more than one organisation to increase productivity and generate higher added value.
- Techno-Entrepreneurship Capital
- Capital support provided to help university students, graduates or PhD holders turn technology-focused business ideas into high-value ventures.
- Researcher
- Experts with at least a bachelor’s degree who take part in R&D and innovation projects.
- Designer
- Persons with a bachelor’s or postgraduate degree in engineering, architecture or design who take part in design projects.
- Software Personnel
- Qualified personnel who develop and produce programs and have sufficient experience or training.
- Technician
- Persons who graduated from vocational high schools/colleges in technical, science or health fields.
- Support Personnel
- Personnel taking part in activities such as managers, technical staff, laboratory assistants, secretaries, workers, etc.
- R&D Personnel / Design Personnel
- The experts, technicians and software personnel directly involved in the relevant centres or projects.
- Project Evaluation Commission
- A board established by technopark management companies, including at least two academics and one sector expert (or angel investor).
- Evaluation and Audit Commission
- A commission formed by the Ministry to evaluate/audit R&D/Design centres and projects.
Technology Development Zones (TDZ) Definitions
- Technology Development Zone (Technopark/Technocity)
- Academically and socially integrated sites hosting firms that produce technology/software by drawing on the resources of universities, high-technology institutes or R&D centres.
- Specialised TDZ
- Thematic technology development zones hosting entrepreneurs operating in the same sector group and sub-sectors.
- Management Company
- A company established as a joint-stock company in accordance with the law, responsible for the management and operation of the zone.
- Founding Committee
- The committee responsible for the process up to the establishment of the management company, comprising the universities or public R&D centres located in the zone.
- Incubation Centre (Incubator)
- Structures where office space, equipment, management support and access to financial resources are provided from a single point to develop young and new businesses.
- Pre-Incubation
- Structures offering consultancy, mentoring and validation processes for entrepreneurs who have an idea but have not yet formed a company.
- Incubation Entrepreneur
- Early-stage entrepreneurs located in incubation centres.
- Entrepreneur
- Real/legal persons who benefit or wish to benefit from the services and facilities in the zone.
- Technology Transfer Office (TTO)
- A structure operating in collaboration, marketing and the sale of intellectual property rights between technology developers and industry/user companies.
- Technological Product
- A product with high added value and competitiveness that shows a distinct difference.
- Technology Development Centres (TEKMER)
- KOSGEB-supported technology development centres where R&D and innovation projects are supported.
- Production Units
- Environmentally harmless production units within the TDZ based on new and high technologies.
- R&D Building / Workshop
- Structures offering offices and common areas (building) and structures established for entrepreneurs’ machinery/equipment needs (workshop).
- Project Completion Certificate
- An electronic document issued by the management company after projects are concluded in the TDZ.
- Digital Production and Design Laboratory
- An open, shared laboratory platform where knowledge/design is shared.
- Intern
- Vocational/technical education students or university students undertaking vocational work.
Business Continuity, Crisis and Disaster Management Definitions
- Business Continuity Management System (BCMS)
- A holistic management system that increases operational resilience and enables the organisation to be prepared for, respond to and recover from disruptions.
- Business Impact Analysis (BIA)
- A systematic analysis process that scientifically assesses the time-dependent operational, legal, financial and reputational impacts of disruptions.
- Risk Assessment (RA)
- The process of analysing the likelihood and impact of potential events (natural, cyber, technological) that threaten critical services.
- MTPD (Maximum Tolerable Period of Disruption)
- The longest time an organisation can withstand the disruption of an activity without suffering unacceptable impacts.
- RTO (Recovery Time Objective)
- The planned timeframe for restarting an activity to reach targeted functionality (RTO is less than or equal to MTPD).
- MBCO (Minimum Business Continuity Objective)
- The minimum acceptable level of capacity and functionality at which the service will be delivered at the RTO.
- RPO (Recovery Point Objective)
- The maximum acceptable amount of data loss, expressed in time, particularly for data/IT systems.
- Integrated Incident Management Plan (IIMP)
- The top-level framework ("constitution") document bringing all emergency, crisis and continuity plans under one roof.
- Business Continuity Plan (BCP)
- The operational document describing the restart of critical services at the targeted RTO and MBCO levels after the incident is under control.
- Emergency Response Plan (ERP)
- A plan covering the immediate steps to be taken to ensure life safety and limit damage in events such as fire and earthquake.
- Crisis Management Plan (CMP)
- Used to manage high-level events threatening corporate reputation and the strategic and financial structure.
- Cyber Incident Response Plan (CIRP)
- A cybersecurity plan applied in events such as ransomware and data breaches.
- IT Disaster Recovery Plan (IT-DRP)
- Defines the restoration of IT infrastructure, networks and servers in the event of a disruption.
- EOC (Emergency Operations Centre)
- The coordination centre where command and control are maintained during crises.
- Cold Site
- A backup centre with only physical space, where hardware/data must be set up during a crisis.
- Warm Site
- A backup office where infrastructure such as internet and desks is ready but IT hardware must be activated.
- Hot Site
- A backup centre where all systems, data and infrastructure stand ready, operational and up to date.
- CAPA (Corrective and Preventive Action)
- An improvement activity to correct the root cause of a nonconformity or prevent a potential problem.
- CMT (Crisis Management Team)
- The strategic management team responsible for corporate reputation and top-level decisions.
- ICT (Incident Coordination Team)
- The tactical mid-level team that coordinates the teams and reports to the CMT.
- BCT (Business Continuity Team)
- The operational group responsible for implementing departmental Business Continuity Plans.